Objets à références faibles
***************************

Python gère les *références faibles* comme des objets de première
classe. Il existe deux types d'objets spécifiques qui implémentent
directement les références faibles. Le premier est un objet de
référence simple, et le second agit autant que possible comme un
mandataire vers l'objet original.

int PyWeakref_Check(PyObject *ob)

   Return non-zero if *ob* is either a reference or proxy object.
   This function always succeeds.

int PyWeakref_CheckRef(PyObject *ob)

   Return non-zero if *ob* is a reference object or a subclass of the
   reference type.  This function always succeeds.

int PyWeakref_CheckRefExact(PyObject *ob)

   Return non-zero if *ob* is a reference object, but not a subclass
   of the reference type.  This function always succeeds.

int PyWeakref_CheckProxy(PyObject *ob)

   Return non-zero if *ob* is a proxy object.  This function always
   succeeds.

PyObject *PyWeakref_NewRef(PyObject *ob, PyObject *callback)
    *Valeur de retour : nouvelle référence.** Fait partie de l' ABI
   stable.*

   Return a weak reference object for the object *ob*.  This will
   always return a new reference, but is not guaranteed to create a
   new object; an existing reference object may be returned.  The
   second parameter, *callback*, can be a callable object that
   receives notification when *ob* is garbage collected; it should
   accept a single parameter, which will be the weak reference object
   itself. *callback* may also be "None" or "NULL".  If *ob* is not a
   weakly referenceable object, or if *callback* is not callable,
   "None", or "NULL", this will return "NULL" and raise "TypeError".

   Voir aussi:

     "PyType_SUPPORTS_WEAKREFS()" for checking if *ob* is weakly
     referenceable.

PyObject *PyWeakref_NewProxy(PyObject *ob, PyObject *callback)
    *Valeur de retour : nouvelle référence.** Fait partie de l' ABI
   stable.*

   Return a weak reference proxy object for the object *ob*.  This
   will always return a new reference, but is not guaranteed to create
   a new object; an existing proxy object may be returned.  The second
   parameter, *callback*, can be a callable object that receives
   notification when *ob* is garbage collected; it should accept a
   single parameter, which will be the weak reference object itself.
   *callback* may also be "None" or "NULL".  If *ob* is not a weakly
   referenceable object, or if *callback* is not callable, "None", or
   "NULL", this will return "NULL" and raise "TypeError".

   Voir aussi:

     "PyType_SUPPORTS_WEAKREFS()" for checking if *ob* is weakly
     referenceable.

int PyWeakref_GetRef(PyObject *ref, PyObject **pobj)
    * Fait partie de l' ABI stable depuis la version 3.13.*

   Get a *strong reference* to the referenced object from a weak
   reference, *ref*, into **pobj*.

   * On success, set **pobj* to a new *strong reference* to the
     referenced object and return 1.

   * If the reference is dead, set **pobj* to "NULL" and return 0.

   * On error, raise an exception and return -1.

   Ajouté dans la version 3.13.

PyObject *PyWeakref_GetObject(PyObject *ref)
    *Valeur de retour : référence empruntée.** Fait partie de l' ABI
   stable.*

   Return a *borrowed reference* to the referenced object from a weak
   reference, *ref*.  If the referent is no longer live, returns
   "Py_None".

   Note:

     This function returns a *borrowed reference* to the referenced
     object. This means that you should always call "Py_INCREF()" on
     the object except when it cannot be destroyed before the last
     usage of the borrowed reference.

   Deprecated since version 3.13, will be removed in version 3.15: Use
   "PyWeakref_GetRef()" instead.

PyObject *PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT(PyObject *ref)
    *Valeur de retour : référence empruntée.*

   Similar to "PyWeakref_GetObject()", but does no error checking.

   Deprecated since version 3.13, will be removed in version 3.15: Use
   "PyWeakref_GetRef()" instead.

int PyWeakref_IsDead(PyObject *ref)

   Test if the weak reference *ref* is dead. Returns 1 if the
   reference is dead, 0 if it is alive, and -1 with an error set if
   *ref* is not a weak reference object.

   Ajouté dans la version 3.14.

void PyObject_ClearWeakRefs(PyObject *object)
    * Fait partie de l' ABI stable.*

   This function is called by the "tp_dealloc" handler to clear weak
   references.

   This iterates through the weak references for *object* and calls
   callbacks for those references which have one. It returns when all
   callbacks have been attempted.

void PyUnstable_Object_ClearWeakRefsNoCallbacks(PyObject *object)

   *Fait partie de l' API instable. Peut changer sans avertissement
   d'une version mineure à l'autre.*

   Clears the weakrefs for *object* without calling the callbacks.

   This function is called by the "tp_dealloc" handler for types with
   finalizers (i.e., "__del__()").  The handler for those objects
   first calls "PyObject_ClearWeakRefs()" to clear weakrefs and call
   their callbacks, then the finalizer, and finally this function to
   clear any weakrefs that may have been created by the finalizer.

   In most circumstances, it's more appropriate to use
   "PyObject_ClearWeakRefs()" to clear weakrefs instead of this
   function.

   Ajouté dans la version 3.13.
